4. The best title for this passage is----------------------------------.

A. New Light on the Cause of Cancer

B. The Newest Theory on the Nature of Viruses

C. Viruses and Cancer

D. On the Nature of life

5. According to the passage, cancer cells are      .

A. similar to the cell of origin

B. mutations of viruses

C. unable to reproduce

D. among the smallest cell known

2

 The question of what children learn, and how they should learn it, is continually being debated and redebated. Nobody dares any longer to defend the old system, the learning of lessons  parrot-fashion, the grammar-with-a-whip system, which was good enough for our grandparents. The theories of modern psychology have stepped in to argue that we must understand the needs of   children. Children are not just small adults; they are children who must be respected as such.

Well, you may say, this is as it should be, and a good idea. But think further. What happens? "Education" becomes the responsibility not of teachers, but of psychologists. What happens then? Teachers worry too much about the psychological implications of their lessons, and  forget about the subjects themselves. If a child dislikes a lesson, the teacher feels that it is his fault, not the child's. So teachers worry whether history is "relevant" to modern young children.  And do they dare to recount stories about violent battles? Or will this make the children themselves violent? Can they tell their classes about children of different races, or will this encourage racial hatred? Why teach children to write grammatical sentences? Verbal expression is better. Sums? Arithmetic? No: real-life mathematical situations are more understandable.

You see, you can go too far. Influenced by educational theorists, who have nothing better  to do than write books about their ideas, teachers leave their teacher-training colleges filled with  grand, psychological ideas about children and their needs. They make elaborate, sophisticated  preparations and try out their "modern methods" on the long-suffering children. Since one "modem method" rapidly replaces another, the poor kids will have had a good bellyful by the time they leave school. Frequently the modern methods are so sophisticated that they fail to be understood by the teachers, let alone the children; even more often, the relaxed discipline so essential for th