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| 发布时间:2006-8-20 16:23:22 | 信息来源:本站原创 | 浏览: | |
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谈谈动名词(GERUND)
你听过英文语法有动词(verb)、名词(noun);但你听过有动名词(gerund)吗?
在还没谈动名词之前,让我们先看看下面的句子:
1. The girl is singing a song. 2. The girl singing now is my sister. 3. Singing is one of her hobbies(爱好).
三个句子中都有singing。第一个句子的singing是常见的现在进行式(Present Continuous),是说眼下正在做什么;第二个句子的singing是现在分词(Present Participle),它把sing这个动词转为形容词,但仍有动词的成份(哈哈,这么一说, 要把你搞晕了吧 :-) 。关于分词,以后有空再谈吧,OK?)。好戏在后头,你看看第 三个句子的singing到底是什么东东呀?原来就是我们的主角动名词(Gerund)了!你 看,sing原本是个动词,可是现在它加上ing后,看来竟像是一个名词了。怎么,好玩 吧?
因此记住,不要以为一个动词加上ing后都是现在进行式呀!动名词可分为两大类:
一、名词性的动名词(Nominal Gerund)
Nominal Gerund 可以加上定冠词(Definite article,如 the)或不定冠词 (Indefinite article,如 a, an),其他可加在动名词前的还有如:my, this, some, any, all, no 等等。举例如下:
1. The mellow(愉快地) singing of the birds announces the coming of spring. (singing前加定冠词 the及形容词mellow;coming 前加 the)
2. We knew the robber was near when we heard a faint rustling(沙沙声) in the bushes. (rustling 前加不定冠词a及形容词 faint)
从上面的例子可看出如何将一个动词转成名词;但它和真正的名词还是有区别的,那 就是没有单数或复数之分。不过,有一些动名词是可以变成真正名词的喔,如:
saying, writing, opening, painting, cutting, heading, feeling, being, saving, surrounding, crossing, misunderstanding 等等。它们都可以有复数的喔, 方法就是在它们的后面加个s,如:paintings。
二、动词性的动名词(Verbal Gerund)
看看下面的句子:
Carelessly writing essays annoys the teacher.
上面的句子里的writing是动名词,但前面有副词carelessly(粗心地),后面又有受 词(Object) essays。因此writing就有动词的特征。
注意:Verbal Gerund 这类动名词的前面可不能加上任何冠词(the, a, an ...)喔。
好,今天就谈到这里,更多关于动名词的事下回再谈。如果诸位不怕头晕的,请再来试 试,嘿嘿!
谈谈动名词(Gerund)(二)
动名词的功能与用法
一、在句子中用作主语(Subject)或主语的补语(Subject Complement):
1.1 作主语
1. Listening to music gives me pleasure. (主语Listening ) 2. Running is good exercise. (主语running) 3. Walking to school is a good idea. (主语walking)
1.2 作主语的补语
1. My cat's favorite activity is sleeping. (补语sleeping) 2. Seeing is believing. (主语seeing, 补语believing)
1.3 主语置于句尾
1.3.1 用 It + be + ... +v-ing 句型
1. It is fun speaking English. 2. It is of great importance fighting against pollution(污染).
1.3.2 用 It is 后接 no use. no good, fun 等的句型
1. It is no use learning theory without practice. 2. It is no fun being lost in rain.
1.3.3 用 It is 后接 useless, nice, good, interesting, worthwhile 等的句型
1. It is worthwhile taking this into consideration.
1.3.4 用 There + be + no + v-ing 的句型
1. There is no joking about such matters. 2. There is no getting along with him. (简直无法与他相处)
如何?感到头晕了吗?不怕的再来吧。再见。
谈谈动名词(Gerund)(三)
二、动名词也可以作宾语(Object)
2.1 作动词/动词短语的宾语(置于动词或动词短语的后面) |
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