First listen and then answer the question.

听录音，然后回答以下问题。

What happened to the clavichord?

We have an old musical instrument. It is called a clavichord. It was made in Germany in 1681. Our clavichord is kept in the living room. It has belonged to our family for a long time . The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago . Recently it was damaged by a visitor . She tried to play jazz on it! She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken. My father was shocked. Now we are not allowed to touch it . It is being repaired by a friend of my father's.

New words and expressions 生词和短语

jazz(title)/'d{$z/n. 爵士音乐

key(1. 5)/ki:/n. 琴键

musical(1. 1)/'mju:zik+l/adj. 音乐的

string(1. 6)/striR/n. (乐器的)弦

instrument(1. 1)/'instrom+nt/n. 乐器

shock(1. 6)/'Mok/v. 使不悦或生气，震惊

clavichord(1. 1)/'kl$vik&:d/n. 古钢琴

allow(1. 7)/+'lau/v. 允许，让

recently (1. 4)/'ri:s+ntli/adv. 最近

touch(1. 7)/+'lau/v. 触摸

damage(1. 4)/'d$mid{/v. 损坏

Notes on the text 课文注释

1  It is called a clavichord. 它被称作古钢琴。这是一个被动语态的句子。本课的许多动词都是被动语态，如：Our clavichord is kept…，”“The instrument was bought…”，“it was damaged…，”“two of the strings were broken”等。

2  a friend of my father's，我父亲的一位朋友。在英语中我们通常用-’s和of结构来表示所有格。-’s的结构通常用在人名和表示人称的名词的末尾，而of结构则常与无生命的名词连用。在这个例句中同时使用了-’s和of的结构，这被称作双重所有格。

参考译文

我家有件古乐器，被称作古钢琴，是1681年德国造的。我们的这架古钢琴存放在起居室里。我们家有这件乐器已经很久了，是我祖父在很多年以前买的。可它最近被一个客人弄坏了，因为她用它来弹奏爵士乐。她在击琴键时用力过猛，损坏了两根琴弦。我父亲大为吃惊，不许我们再动它。父亲的一个朋友正在修理这件乐器。

Summary writing 摘要写作

Answer these questions in not more than 45  words.

回答下列问题，将答案组成一个段落，不要超过45个单词。

1  Do we own an old clavichord, or do we own a new piano?

2  When was it made?

3  Who bought the instrument many years ago?

4  Who damaged it recently?

5  What did she try to do?

6  What did she break?

7  Who is repairing it now?

Key structures 关键句型

It was made in Germany in 1681. (一般过去时中的)被动语态

在第1册的第141-144课中我们接触到了被动语态这一语法现象，现在我们来对比一下被动语态与主动语态在使用上的区别。

a  Read these two questions and answers.

读一读这两个问题并回答。

Who built this bridge?谁修建的这座桥？

Prisoners of war built this bridge in 1942. 战俘于1942年建的这座桥。

When was this bridge built?桥是什么时候建的？

This bridge was built in 1942. 桥是1942年建的。

In the first question we want to know who built the bridge. In the second question we want to learn about the bridge.