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susceptible(1.5)/s+'septIb+l/ adj.易受感染的
confine(1.15)/k+n'faIn/ n.范围
virus(1.5)/'vaI+r+s/ n.病毒
domesticate(1.17)/d+'mestIkeIt/ v.驯养
Notes on the text 课文注释
1 so that it multiplied with that promiscuous abandon characteristic of rabbits,这里 so that引导的一个结果状语从句,可译成“因此便以兔子所特有的杂乱交配繁衍后代”。
2 be susceptible to…,易受……感染的,易受影响的。
3 let loose,让乱跑。
4 pass…on to,把……传给。
参考译文
在澳大利亚移民初期,一些有创业精神的移民不明智地把欧洲兔子引进了澳大利亚。这种兔子在澳大利亚及新西兰没有天敌,因此便以兔子所特有的杂乱交配迅猛繁殖起来。整个澳洲兔子成灾。它们在地下打洞,吃掉本可以饲养数百万头牛羊的牧草,给澳洲大陆造成了毁灭性的破环。科学家们发现,这种特殊品种的兔子(显然不包括别的动物)易患一种叫做“多发性粘液瘤”的致命病毒性疾病。通过让染上此病的动物在洞内乱跑,就可以使这种疾病在一个地区蔓延起来。后来又发现,有一种蚊子是传播这种疾病的媒介,能把此病传染给兔子。因此,世界上其他地方在设法消灭蚊子的时候,澳大利亚却在促使这种蚊子大量繁殖。蚊子把这种疾病扩散到整个澳洲大陆,效果甚佳,结果兔子的数目大为减少。后来,明显看出,兔子对这种疾病已产生了一定程度的免疫力,所以兔子不可能被完全消灭。但是,已有希望解决兔子所带来的问题。
具有讽刺意味的是,欧洲把这种兔子作为有害动物传给澳洲,而欧洲自己却染上了这种人为的瘟疫般的疾病。一位法国内科医生决定除掉自己庄园内的野兔子,于是引进了这种多发性粘液瘤疾病。然而,这种疾病并未被局限在他的庄园内,结果在整个法国蔓延开来。野兔在法国一般不被当作有害动物,而被视为打猎取乐的玩物和有用的食物来源。这种疾病又蔓延到了英国。在英国,野兔被当作有害的动物,可是家兔是赚钱的毛皮工业的基础,然而家兔同样易感染这种疾病。现在的问题是,人类能否控制住这种人为的疾病。
Comprehension 理解
Answer these questions:
1 Why is the rabbit regarded as a serious pest in Australia?
2 Why did it prove impossible to exterminate rabbits completely in Australia?
3 How was myxomatosis introduced to Europe?
Vocabulary 词汇
Refer to the text to see how the following words have been used, then write sentences of your own using these words: enterprising (1.1); devastation (1.3); burrowing (1.3); devouring the herbage (1.4); susceptible (1.5); fatal (1.5); epidemics (1.6); drastically reduced (11.9-10); completely exterminated (1.11); bequeathed (1.13); the confines of his estate (1.15); domesticated (1.17).
The paragraph 段落
A Drawing your information from the first paragraph (lines 1-12), write a list of points in note form to answer the following question:
How did the rabbit overrun the continent of Australia, and what steps were taken to exterminate it?
B Read the second paragraph again (lines 13-19).Then, using the list of points given below, reconstruct the paragraph in your own words as far as possible.Do not refer to the passage until you have finished the exercise.
1 Australia acquired rabbit from Europe: a pest. |