Comprehension  理解

Give short answers to these questions in your own words as far as possible．Use one complete sentence for each answer.

1  In what way is a modern factory similar to a large city?

2  What, according to the author, led to the building of huge skyscrapers?

3  What do those who enjoy living in cities fail to realize?

Vocabulaary  词汇

Refer to the text to see how the following words have been used, then write sentences of your own using by great crowds（1.13）.

The paragraph  段落

A Which of these statements best expresses the author's main argument? Give reasons for your choice:

1  Modern cities have not been planned for the good of their inhabitants.

2  Man is obsessed by the desire for profit.

3  Great cities, like modern factories, impose on us an artificial way of life.

B The following sentences are taken from lines 1-6．Arrange them in their correct order．Do not refer to the passage until you have finished the exercise:

Modern industry is based on the conception of the maximum production at lowest cost, in order that an individual or a group of individuals may earn as much money as possible.

In the organization of industrial life the influence of the factory upon the physiological and mental state of the workers has been completely neglected．

It has expanded without any idea of the true nature of the human beings who run the machines, and without giving any consideration to the effects produced on the individuals and on their descendants by the artificial mode of existence imposed by the factory.

Key structures  关键句型

A  Give the correct form of the verbs in parentheses．Do not refer to the passage until you have finished the exercise:

In the organization of industrial life the influence of the factory upon the physiological and mental state of the workers completely ______(neglect)．Modern industry ______(base) on the conception of the maximum production at lowest cost, in order that an individual or a group of individuals may earn as much money as possible．It ______(expand) without any idea of the true nature of the human beings who (run) the machines, and without ______(give) any consideration to the effect produced on the individuals and on their descendants by the artificial mode of existence imposed by the factory．The great cities ______(build) with no regard for us．(11.1-6)

B  Study the pattern in italics in this sentence:

Modern industry is based on the conception of the maximum production at lowest cost, in order that an individual or a group of individuals may (or might) earn as much money as possible．(11.2-4)

Complete the following sentences:

1  He is attending English classes in order that ______.

2  She works very hard in order that ______.

3  The Prime Minister has gone abroad in order that ______.

C  Note the phrase in italics: ‘In order that an individual or a group of individuals may earn as much money as possible.’ (11.3-4)