Text  2   Word  Study

1.slack adj. 1)松的，松驰的，宽松的：A rope is slack if it hasn’t been pulled tight. (如果一根绳子没有拉紧，那它是松的。)  2)松懈的，马虎的：A slack person is one who does things carelessly. (一个马虎的人是一个做事粗枝大叶的人。)  3)缓慢的：The horse was moving at a slack pace. (这匹马以缓慢的步伐走着。)  4) 生意清淡，萧条：Business is slack at this season. (在这个季节生意清淡萧条。)  vt. 1)放松；使缓慢：Slack the rope before trying to unite the knot. (在试图打结之前请把这条绳子放松。)  The train slacked off it speed as it came into the station. (这列火车进站时，它放慢了速度。)  2) vi.马虎，懈怠：He was scolded for slacking. (他由于马虎而挨骂。)

2.outrage vt. (=shock or offend sb.; upset greatly) 震骇；触犯；使气愤：outrage public opinion 违反民意。They were outraged by the announcement of massive price increases. (物价大幅上涨的消息一公布，他们气愤填膺。)  n. 1)残暴行为，罪行：The use of H-bombs would be an outrage against humanity. (使用氢弹是反人类的残暴行为。)  2)愤怒：The farmers felt outrage at the attack on their villages. (农民们对进攻他们的村庄感到愤怒。)   同根词outrageous adj. 愤怒的；残暴的；令人反感的：outrageous behavior令人愤怒的行为。

3.all too 实在太：The holidays were all too short.（假期实在太短了。） The day passed all too quickly.（这天过得实在太快了。）

4.grieve vi./vt. 悲痛，难过；伤心：I shall not grieve at his death. (他死我不会悲痛。)  I was grieved to see the change in my old friend. (我伤心地看到我老朋友的这种变化。)  grief  n. 悲痛；悲痛的事：My mother is overcome with grief. (我母亲悲痛欲极。)   His wild behavior was a grief to his parents. (他的粗野行为使他父母很伤心。)  同根词grievous adj. 令人悲痛的；极严重的。 grievance n. 不满意见，苦情，牢骚；抱怨不平：He won’t listen to our grievance.

5.above all (=most important)最重要的。

6.exchange 交换；交流：to exchange experience 交流经验。to exchange views交流观点看法。exchange… for…把…换成…：Where can I exchange dollars for pounds? (我在哪里能把美元换成英镑？)  exchange … with 和…交换：He exchanged seats with me. (他与我交换座位。)  n. 交换；交流：a secret exchange of messages 秘密交换信息。foreign exchange reserves外汇储备。词组：in exchange for 作为交换：I took his watch in exchange for my camera. (我拿了他的手表换我的相机。)

7.in return for 作为…的回报；以答谢：I’m sending him a present in return for all his kindness to us. (我将寄给他一件礼品以答谢他对我们的好意。)

8.adjoin vt. 与…相邻。markedly 显着地，明显地。toss vt. (=throw sth. lightly)轻扔，掷。induce vt. (=persuade or influence sb to do sth.)引诱，诱发，诱惑。stem from (=come from)来自。as yet (=so far) 至今。

Text  3   Word Study

precede vi./ vt. 在…之前，在…前面：The Greek civilization preceded the Roman one. (希腊文明先于罗马文明。)  2) They came into the room preceded by a small dog. (一条小狗在前面，他们走进房间。)  3) A major precedes a captain. (少校的职位比大尉高。)  4) He preceded his speech with a warning against inattention. (他讲话以前先警告听众不要心不在焉。)