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原因从句和结果／原因从句
除了下面 A2，A3中所示各种类型外，这两种从句均可由as或because来引导。但是用as引导原因从句较为稳妥（参见A）；用because引导结果／原因从句较为稳妥（参见B）。
A 原因从句
1 由as／because／since 引导的原因从句：
We camped there as／because／since it was too dark to go on．
我们在那里露宿是因为天太黑，不能再继续往前走了。
As／Because／Since it was too dark to go on，we camped there．
因为天太黑不能再继续往前走，我们就在那儿露宿了。
2 in view of the fact that可用as／since／seeing that来表示，但不能用because：
As／Since／Seeing that you are here，you may as well give me a hand．
既然你在这儿，你就帮我个忙吧。
As／Since／Seeing that Tom knows French，he’d better do the talking．
既然汤姆懂法语，最好让他来谈。
3 在as／since／seeing that意指以前共知的或共知的陈述时，可用if来代替：
As／Since／Seeing that／If you don’t like Bill，why did you invite him？
既然／如果你不喜欢比尔，你为什么邀请了他？
注意： if so的用法：
— I hope Bill won’t come．
— If so（＝If you hope he won’t come），why did you invite him？
—我希望比尔别来。
—如果这样（ =如果你希望他不来），你为什么邀请了他？
关于 if＋so／not，参见第347节。
B 结果从句（参见第339节）由because或as引导：
The fuse blew because we had overloaded the circuit．
保险丝烧断了，因为我们使线路超载了。
He was angry because we were late．
他生气是因为我们来晚了。
As it froze hard that night there was ice everywhere next day．
因为那天晚上冷得厉害，所以第二天到处都是冰。
As the soup was very salty we were thirsty afterwards．
因为这汤很咸，后来我们渴得厉害。
C 这种组合也可用so连接两个主句的形式来表示：
It was too dark to go on，so we camped there．
天太黑了，不能继续往前走了，所以我们就在那儿露宿了。
You are here，so you may as well give me a hand．
你们既然在这儿，不如就帮我一下。
It froze hard that night，so there was ice everywhere next day．
那天夜里冷得厉害，所以第二天到处都是冰。
也可以使用therefore，但只限用于非常正式的句子中：
The Finnish delegate has not yet arrived．We are therefore postponing／ We have therefore decided to postpone／Therefore we are postponing the meeting．
芬兰代表还没有到达。我们因此要把会议推迟／因此我们已决定把会议推迟／因此我们要把会议推迟。（注意 therefore可以放在几个不同的位置。）
such／so…that引导的结果从句
A such是形容词，用于形容词+名词结构之前：
They had such a fierce dog that no one dared to go near their house．
他们有一条如此凶猛的狗，以致没人敢靠近他们家。
He spoke for such a long time that people began to fall asleep．
他说了这么长时间，以致在座的人都犯困了。
B so是副词，用于副词和不带名词的形容词之前：
The snow fell so fast that our footsteps were soon covered up．
雪下得这么快，以致我们的脚印很快就被雪盖住了。
His speech went on for so long that people began to fall asleep．
他的讲话这么长，以致在座的人都开始犯困了。
Their dog was so fierce that no one dared come near it．
他们的狗太凶猛了，所以没人敢靠近它。
但 such不能用于much和many之前，所以so可用于后跟名词的much和many之前：
There was so much dust that we couldn |
