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| 发布时间：2006-9-8 9:45:49 | 信息来源：本站原创 | 浏览： | |
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一、考点聚焦
1、题型特点
（1）词法内容。包括名词、代词的数与格，反身代词，动词时态语态，非谓语动词、短语动词的用法，不规则动词的变化形式，形容词的比较级，形容词副词的区别，介词的误用等。
（2）句法内容。包括主谓一致、指代一致，并列连词，从属连词等引导各种从句的关联词语，感叹句，疑问句，祈使句的结构等。
（3）行文逻辑。包括句子的肯定、否定、推理、判断等。
二、应试技巧点拨
（1）通读全文，了解文章主旨大意，确定文章的题材、体裁，把握文章的背景知识。
（2）逐句分析，把握结构。粗略分析词法、句法、逻辑上是否有问题。
（3）逐行修改，先易后难。
（4）复读全文，验证答案。一要注意错误点的分散与比例，二要注意答题是否合乎规范。
2、改错歌诀
现将本书编写者总结的短文改错歌诀提供给大家，希望有所帮助。
短文改错要做好，常见类型应记牢。
名词爱考“数”与“格”，冠词在前“错”“多”“少”。
动词时态和语态，非谓语搭配莫错了。
连代形副错一样，多是故意来混淆。
介词多半搭配，多漏误用想周到。
句法涉及到“一致”①，从句多考关系词。
词法句法均未错，逻辑推理去寻找。
“1126”惯常比②，回读复查敲定稿。
注：①“一致”：包括主谓一致，代词及相应的限定词在数、性、称方面的一致，主语与主语补语，宾语和宾语补语的一致等。 ②“1126”：指的是通常10个题项有一处是正确的，一处（或两处）属多余，两处（或一处）需补加成分，6处需更改。当然，此非“定势”，仅作参考。
三、精典范例
例1 （NMET 2000）
The day before the speech contest（比赛）English teacher 1.____
talked to me. She said that she and my schoolmate all 2.____
wished me success, but it didn't matter that I would 3.____
win or not. When I was on the stage the next day, I felt so 4.____
nervous as I shook like a leaf. There were so many people 5.____
present! Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in 6.____
the crowd. She was smiling but nodding at me. I remembered 7.____
her words and calm down, I did a good jobm and won the first 8.____
prize. Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library. 9.____
Whenever I see them I will often think of my English teacher.10.____
解析
1. my English。该题考查代词，绝大部分考生知道English teacher前少一个词语，但很多人都误加上了our, an或the,而后面两次出现my English teacher，因而本题实际考查学生对文章内容的理解。
2. schoolmate → schoolmates。schoolmate应为复数形式。
3. that → whether。whether与后面的or not相呼应。
4. 正确。
5. as → that。把as 改成that，组成so … that结构。
6. a去掉。catch sight of是固定短语。
7．but → and 。意义的转折用but,意思并列用and。
8. calm → calmed。remembered和calmed是对应的。
9. is → are。主语用and 连接，谓语动词用are。
10. often去掉。often多余。
【例2】（2004年全国卷I）
Dear Ralph,
I'm a newcomer here of a small town. I would 1.____
describe myself as shy and quietly. Before my classmates, 2.____
it seems always difficult for me to do things well as3.____
them. I'm sure they will laugh to me and see me as 4.____
a fool. So I feel unhappy every day.5.____
Besides, I have few friends. I don't know that they 6.____
don't like to talk with me. Sometimes, we talked to each other 7.____ |
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